Similar to humans and animals, plants possess an innate immune system that protects them from invading pathogens. Molecular structures that only occur in pathogens enable their recognition and trigger ...

Endotoxin, a toxic chemical found in bacteria, makes up only 0.0001% of PM2.5 fine particles but packs a serious punch when ...

Endotoxin refers to a component of the outer cell membrane of Gram-negative bacteria called lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS is the biologically active portion of naturally occurring endotoxin complexes.

The pharmacological factors involved in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced host resistance against infection were investigated in relation to the problem of endotoxin contamination of preparations of ...

THE role of bacterial endotoxins in the pathogenesis of infections due to endotoxin-containing bacteria is not clear. It is commonly assumed that endotoxin is a major factor in determining toxicity ...

It is part of the immunologic lexicon that Toll receptors are integral parts of the innate immune response machinery. What ligands they bind, however, is only now beginning to be elucidated. An ...

Evidence has been presented that the in-vitro mitogenic activity of bacterial endotoxins on lymphoreticular cells of mice is a property of the lipid A fraction and that this mitogenic activity affects ...

The lipopolysaccharides, or endotoxins, are made up of O-antigens, a core polysaccharide, and lipid A, which is made up of glucosamine and fatty acids and is responsible for the toxic effects. The ...

Green fluorescence shows lipid A, previously known only as a toxin from bacteria, in leaves from pea seedlings. A toxin that can make bacterial infections turn deadly is also found in higher plants, ...

The presence of harmful bacteria in parenteral drugs or implantable devices can cause inflammatory responses such as fever and, in some cases, may even be fatal. As a result, robust bacterial ...

Tracheal aspirates (TAs) from critically ill neonates accumulate bacterial endotoxin and demonstrate mobilization of endotoxin-binding proteins, but the potential bioactivity of endotoxin in TAs is ...

Popular e-cigarette products in the United States may be contaminated with harmful bacterial and fungal toxins, a new study from Harvard researchers suggests. When looking at 75 e-cigarette cartridges ...