Causal knowledge and inferences based on it are critical for effective decision making. Causal knowledge has an appeal because it can affect decisions by changing our expectations on outcomes. Instead ...
Causality is the way the real world works: a response can't come before its stimulus arrives. All real-world measurements must obey causality, but some S-parameter measurements seem to violate it. An ...
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) was associated with a transiently increased amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) risk confined to ...
The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine are private, nonprofit institutions that provide expert advice on some of the most pressing challenges facing the nation and world. Our ...
Only one in four people who reported side effects after receiving a COVID-19 vaccine have received compensation from the ...
Posts are sharing numbers reported to the U.S. Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) as deaths following COVID-19 vaccinations and claiming that it proves the vaccines have killed people.
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