Next, we investigated the impact of the length of capped branched strands (Fig. 2c and Supplementary Table 1a; CircR3, CircR5 and CircR7). Among the lengths tested (1 nt, 6 nt and 12 nt), 6-mer ...

How does the cell convert DNA into working proteins? The process of translation can be seen as the decoding of instructions for making proteins, involving mRNA in transcription as well as tRNA. But ...

Messenger RNA (mRNA) serves as a blueprint for proteins. When mRNA is no longer needed, it must be degraded. Director Elena Conti and her team at the Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry in ...

Scientists have discovered that tRNAs can determine how long mRNAs exist in a cell, causing some messages to be stabilized and translated into more protein, while directing others to be degraded and ...

During translation, multiple ribosomes travel along the nucleic acid chain to build polypeptides that become functional proteins. Occasionally, these molecular decoders pause on the mRNA, either ...

Transcription and translation are processes a cell uses to make all proteins the body needs to function from information stored in the sequence of bases in DNA. The four bases (C, A, T/U, and G in the ...

A pink ribosome surrounds part of a red-and-yellow helix-shaped strand of messenger RNA while a yellow protein branch extends from the ribosome. A graphic representation of a ribosome (pink) ...

Our study progresses from the rational design of polyplex micelles to the mechanistic elucidation of mRNA degradation, revealing RNase infiltration—rather than carrier dissociation—as the principal ...

LNP as the novel drug delivery system enhancing mRNA therapeutic efficacy has been proved for its delivery ability. This review provides valuable insights into the current state-of-the-art of LNP mRNA ...

Imagine a cancer treatment that precisely targets malignant cells, leaving healthy ones untouched. Consider, also, a cancer treatment that corrects abnormal protein synthesis to produce healthy ...