The most advanced sub-5nm silicon nodes require the latest EUV (extreme ultraviolet) lithography tools like the one above, but Chinese chipmakers are stuck with DUV (deep ultraviolet) lithography.
While SMIC does have older DUV (Deep Ultraviolet) Lithography machines, the inability of Chinese firms to obtain EUV machines places them 10 to 15 years behind the West according to Fouquet in a ...